[SPARK-14891][ML] Add schema validation for ALS

This PR adds schema validation to `ml`'s ALS and ALSModel. Currently, no schema validation was performed as `transformSchema` was never called in `ALS.fit` or `ALSModel.transform`. Furthermore, due to no schema validation, if users passed in Long (or Float etc) ids, they would be silently cast to Int with no warning or error thrown.

With this PR, ALS now supports all numeric types for `user`, `item`, and `rating` columns. The rating column is cast to `Float` and the user and item cols are cast to `Int` (as is the case currently) - however for user/item, the cast throws an error if the value is outside integer range. Behavior for rating col is unchanged (as it is not an issue).

## How was this patch tested?
New test cases in `ALSSuite`.

Author: Nick Pentreath <nickp@za.ibm.com>

Closes #12762 from MLnick/SPARK-14891-als-validate-schema.