create_vm.sh

#!/bin/bash

# x86_64 or x86
ARCH=x86_64
BUILD=1

DISK=vm_$ARCH.img
DEFAULT_USER=dev
DEFAULT_PASSWORD=uiuc
ROOT_PASSWORD=uiuc
PACKAGES=(# Core packages
          base
          base-devel
          linux-lts{,-headers} # use lts because current VirtualBox (~5.1.2) doesn't play nicely with the new (4.7) kernel
          grub
          # X things
          virtualbox-guest-dkms
          virtualbox-guest-utils
          xfce4
          sfml
          # Nice-to-haves
          bash-completion
          #zsh # if they want zsh, they can install it themselves
          htop
          # VCS
          subversion
          #git
          # Editors
          gvim
          gedit
          emacs
          # Random utilities
          sudo
          imagemagick
          ristretto
          graphviz
          openssh
          gnuplot
          gtkwave # cs233
          qt4 # cs233 (qtspim)
          unzip
          python2-matplotlib # for lab_btree
          # Browsers
          chromium
          #firefox # removed due to size (+ dependencies)
          # Development (compilers, interpreters, debuggers, etc.)
          clang35
          llvm35
          libc++
          gdb
          valgrind
          iverilog # cs233
)
IGNORE_PACKAGES=(
                 linux # using linux-lts
                 netctl dhcpcd # using systemd-networkd
)


set -e -x

m() {
    echo "$@"
}


if [[ -n "$BUILD" ]]; then
rm -f $DISK

m "Creating disk image..."
truncate $DISK --size=8G

m "Creating partition table..."
fdisk $DISK <<fdiskEOF
o
n




a
w
fdiskEOF
fi # -n $BUILD

m "Mounting virtual drive... (requires sudo)"

loopdev=$(sudo losetup -f)

sudo losetup --partscan "$loopdev" $DISK

trap "sudo losetup -d $loopdev" EXIT

if [[ -n "$BUILD" ]]; then
m "Creating filesystem... (requires sudo)"
sudo mkfs.ext3 ${loopdev}p1
fi # -n $BUILD

mkdir -p root

m "Mounting filesystem... (requires sudo)"
sudo mount ${loopdev}p1 root/

trap "sudo umount ${loopdev}p1 ; sudo losetup -d $loopdev" EXIT

if [[ -n "$BUILD" ]]; then
if [[ $ARCH == "x86_64" ]]; then
    sudo pacstrap -C pacman-x86_64.conf -c -G root/ "${PACKAGES[@]}"
else
    sudo linux32 pacstrap -C pacman-x86.conf -c -G root/ "${PACKAGES[@]}" --arch=i686
fi

sudo arch-chroot root/ <<chrootEOF
pacman -Rs --noconfirm ${IGNORE_PACKAGES[@]}

# random setup - hostname, timezone, locales
echo cs2xx-vm > /etc/hostname
ln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/America/Chicago /etc/localtime
sed -i '/^#en_US/ s/^#//' /etc/locale.gen
locale-gen
echo LANG=en_US.UTF-8 > /etc/locale.conf
/usr/bin/mandb


# networking
ln -s /dev/null /etc/udev/rules.d/80-net-setup-link.rules
ln -sf /usr/lib/systemd/resolv.conf /etc/resolv.conf
sed -i '/^hosts:/ s/\<dns\>/resolve/' /etc/nsswitch.conf
systemctl enable systemd-networkd systemd-resolved.service
cat > /etc/systemd/network/wired.network <<"networkEOF"
[Match]
Name=eth0

[Network]
DHCP=ipv4
networkEOF


# setup pacman keyring
pacman-key --init
pacman-key --populate archlinux

# Rebuild dynamic link cache
ldconfig -X

# install bootloader
sed -i '/TIMEOUT/ s+GRUB_TIMEOUT=.*+GRUB_TIMEOUT=2+' /etc/default/grub
grub-install --target=i386-pc ${loopdev}
grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg


# fix a bug when running in QEMU - the 'block' hook has to be included in the initcpio
sed -i '/^HOOKS/ s/autodetect \\(.*\\) block/block autodetect \\1/' /etc/mkinitcpio.conf
mkinitcpio -p linux-lts


# create default user, set passwords
useradd -G wheel -m $DEFAULT_USER
echo "$DEFAULT_USER:$DEFAULT_PASSWORD" | chpasswd
echo "root:$ROOT_PASSWORD" | chpasswd
echo "%wheel ALL=(ALL) ALL" > /etc/sudoers.d/wheel


# autologin on tty1
mkdir -p /etc/systemd/system/getty@tty1.service.d
cat > /etc/systemd/system/getty@tty1.service.d/override.conf <<"gettyEOF"
[Service]
ExecStart=
ExecStart=-/usr/bin/agetty --autologin $DEFAULT_USER --noclear %I 38400 linux
gettyEOF


# autostart X (xfce) on tty1
echo '[[ -z \$DISPLAY && \$XDG_VTNR -eq 1 && -x /usr/bin/startx ]] && exec startx' >> /home/$DEFAULT_USER/.bashrc
chown $DEFAULT_USER:$DEFAULT_USER /home/$DEFAULT_USER/.bashrc
cat > /home/$DEFAULT_USER/.xinitrc <<"xinitrcEOF"
#!/bin/sh
#
# ~/.xinitrc
#
# Executed by startx (run your window manager from here)

if [ -d /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc.d ]; then
  for f in /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc.d/*; do
    [ -x "\$f" ] && . "\$f"
  done
  unset f
fi
/usr/bin/VBoxClient-all
exec startxfce4
xinitrcEOF
chown $DEFAULT_USER:$DEFAULT_USER /home/$DEFAULT_USER/.xinitrc


# XFCE config
# generate with:
#     tar Pcvz /home/dev/.config/xfce4/ | base64
base64 --decode <<xfceConfigEOF | tar Pzvx
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Dz2cDv8FkLba5QDIAAA=
xfceConfigEOF

chrootEOF

fi # -n $BUILD

# Open a root shell
#sudo arch-chroot root/

sudo umount ${loopdev}p1
sudo losetup -d $loopdev

trap - EXIT
set -e

rm -f $DISK.vmdk
VBoxManage convertfromraw $DISK $DISK.vmdk --format VMDK

uuid=$(uuidgen)

ostype=ArchLinux
[[ $ARCH == "x86_64" ]] && ostype=${ostype}_64

vmName="CS-2xx-$ARCH"

if VBoxManage list vms | grep -q -F "\"$vmName\""; then
    VBoxManage storagectl "$vmName" \
        --name IDE \
        --remove
    VBoxManage unregistervm "$vmName" --delete
fi

VBoxManage createvm --name "$vmName" --register --ostype $ostype --uuid "$uuid"
VBoxManage modifyvm "$uuid" \
    --description "CS 2xx Course Virtual Machine" \
    --memory 512 \
    --vram 12 \
    --biosbootmenu disabled \
    --rtcuseutc on \
    --nic1 nat \
    --cableconnected1 on \
    --clipboard bidirectional \
    --draganddrop bidirectional

VBoxManage storagectl "$uuid" \
    --name IDE \
    --add ide \
    --bootable on

VBoxManage closemedium "$(realpath $DISK.vmdk)" 

VBoxManage storageattach "$uuid" \
    --storagectl IDE \
    --port 0 \
    --device 0 \
    --type hdd \
    --medium "$(realpath $DISK.vmdk)" \
    --setuuid ""

rm -f $ARCH.ova
VBoxManage export "$uuid" \
    --output $ARCH.ova \
    --options nomacs