From f2ce75095348fa2ab5491676ca36c03063c05cb6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: prrathi <prrathi10@gmail.com>
Date: Sun, 19 Jan 2025 16:40:21 +0000
Subject: [PATCH] yay

---
 hercules_cg/src/gpu.rs        | 242 +++++++++++++---------------------
 hercules_rt/src/rtdefs.cu     |  11 +-
 juno_samples/cava/src/main.rs |  12 +-
 3 files changed, 106 insertions(+), 159 deletions(-)

diff --git a/hercules_cg/src/gpu.rs b/hercules_cg/src/gpu.rs
index b14a136f..bb28db8a 100644
--- a/hercules_cg/src/gpu.rs
+++ b/hercules_cg/src/gpu.rs
@@ -292,13 +292,9 @@ enum CGType {
 
 impl GPUContext<'_> {
     fn codegen_function<W: Write>(&self, w: &mut W) -> Result<(), Error> {
-        // If run_debug, wrapping C host code is self-contained with malloc, etc,
-        // else it only does kernel launch.
-        let run_debug = false;
-
         // Emit all code up to the "goto" to Start's block
         let mut top = String::new();
-        self.codegen_kernel_begin(run_debug, &mut top)?;
+        self.codegen_kernel_begin(&mut top)?;
         let mut dynamic_shared_offset = "0".to_string();
         self.codegen_dynamic_constants(&mut top)?;
         self.codegen_declare_data(&mut top)?;
@@ -344,6 +340,7 @@ impl GPUContext<'_> {
                 &fork_thread_quota_map,
                 &extra_dim_collects,
                 &mut dynamic_shared_offset,
+                num_blocks,
                 num_threads,
                 &mut gotos,
             )?;
@@ -358,14 +355,14 @@ impl GPUContext<'_> {
 
         // Emit host launch code
         let mut host_launch = String::new();
-        self.codegen_launch_code(run_debug, num_blocks, num_threads, &dynamic_shared_offset, &mut host_launch)?;
+        self.codegen_launch_code(num_blocks, num_threads, &dynamic_shared_offset, &mut host_launch)?;
         write!(w, "{}", host_launch)?;
 
         Ok(())
     }
 
     // Emit kernel headers, signature, arguments, and dynamic shared memory declaration
-    fn codegen_kernel_begin(&self, run_debug: bool, w: &mut String) -> Result<(), Error> {
+    fn codegen_kernel_begin(&self, w: &mut String) -> Result<(), Error> {
         write!(w, "
 #include <assert.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
@@ -390,8 +387,8 @@ namespace cg = cooperative_groups;
 
         write!(
             w,
-            "__global__ void __launch_bounds__({}) {}{}(",
-            self.kernel_params.max_num_threads, self.function.name, if run_debug { "" } else { "_gpu" }
+            "__global__ void __launch_bounds__({}) {}_gpu(",
+            self.kernel_params.max_num_threads, self.function.name
         )?;
         // The first set of parameters are dynamic constants.
         let mut first_param = true;
@@ -534,129 +531,59 @@ namespace cg = cooperative_groups;
         Ok(())
     }
 
-    fn codegen_launch_code(&self, run_debug: bool, num_blocks: usize, num_threads: usize, dynamic_shared_offset: &str, w: &mut String) -> Result<(), Error> {
+    fn codegen_launch_code(&self, num_blocks: usize, num_threads: usize, dynamic_shared_offset: &str, w: &mut String) -> Result<(), Error> {
         // The following steps are for host-side C function arguments, but we also
         // need to pass arguments to kernel, so we keep track of the arguments here.
         let mut pass_args = String::new();
-        if run_debug {
-            write!(w, "
-int main() {{
-")?;
-            // The first set of parameters are dynamic constants.
-            let mut first_param = true;
-            for idx in 0..self.function.num_dynamic_constants {
-                if first_param {
-                    first_param = false;
-                } else {
-                    write!(pass_args, ", ")?;
-                }
-                write!(w, "\tunsigned long long dc_p{} = 1ull;\n", idx)?;
-                write!(pass_args, "dc_p{}", idx)?;
-            }
-            self.codegen_dynamic_constants(w)?;
-            // The second set of parameters are normal arguments.
-            for (idx, ty) in self.function.param_types.iter().enumerate() {
-                if first_param {
-                    first_param = false;
-                } else {
-                    write!(pass_args, ", ")?;
-                }
-                let param_type = self.get_type(*ty, false);
-                if self.types[ty.idx()].is_primitive() {
-                    write!(w, "\t{} p{} = 1;\n", param_type, idx)?;
-                } else {
-                    let param_size = self.get_size(*ty, None, None);
-                    write!(w, "\t{} p{};\n", param_type, idx)?;
-                    write!(w, "\tif (cudaMalloc((void**)&p{}, {}) != cudaSuccess) {{\n", idx, param_size)?;
-                    write!(w, "\t\tprintf(\"Error allocating memory for parameter %d\\n\", {});\n", idx)?;
-                    write!(w, "\t\treturn -1;\n")?;
-                    write!(w, "\t}}\n")?;
-                }
-                write!(pass_args, "p{}", idx)?;
-            }
-            // Pull primitive return to a pointer parameter
-            if self.types[self.return_type_id.idx()].is_primitive() {
-                let ret_type_no_pnt = self.get_type(*self.return_type_id, false);
-                let ret_type = self.get_type(*self.return_type_id, true);
-                write!(w, "\t{} ret;\n", ret_type)?;
-                write!(w, "\tif (cudaMalloc((void**)&ret, sizeof({})) != cudaSuccess) {{\n", ret_type_no_pnt)?;
-                write!(w, "\t\tprintf(\"Error allocating memory for return value\\n\");\n")?;
-                write!(w, "\t\treturn -1;\n")?;
-                write!(w, "\t}}\n")?;
-                write!(pass_args, ", ret")?;
-            }
-            write!(w, "\t{}<<<{}, {}, {}>>>({});\n", self.function.name, num_blocks, num_threads, dynamic_shared_offset, pass_args)?;
-            write!(w, "\tbool skip = false;\n")?;
-            write!(w, "\tcudaError_t err = cudaGetLastError();\n")?;
-            write!(w, "\tif (err != cudaSuccess) {{\n")?;
-            write!(w, "\t\tprintf(\"Error launching kernel: %s\\n\", cudaGetErrorString(err));\n")?;
-            write!(w, "\t\tskip = true;\n")?;
-            write!(w, "\t}}\n")?;
-            write!(w, "\tif (cudaDeviceSynchronize() != cudaSuccess && !skip) {{\n")?;
-            write!(w, "\t\tprintf(\"Error synchronizing device\\n\");\n")?;
-            write!(w, "\t\tskip = true;\n")?;
-            write!(w, "\t}}\n")?;
-            for (idx, ty) in self.function.param_types.iter().enumerate() {
-                if !self.types[ty.idx()].is_primitive() {
-                    write!(w, "\tcudaFree(p{});\n", idx)?;
-                }
-            }
-            if self.types[self.return_type_id.idx()].is_primitive() {
-                write!(w, "\tcudaFree(ret);\n")?;
-            }
-        }
-
-        else {
-            let ret_primitive = self.types[self.return_type_id.idx()].is_primitive();
-            let ret_type = self.get_type(*self.return_type_id, false);
-            write!(w, "
+        let ret_primitive = self.types[self.return_type_id.idx()].is_primitive();
+        let ret_type = self.get_type(*self.return_type_id, false);
+        write!(w, "
 extern \"C\" {} {}(", ret_type.clone(), self.function.name)?;
-            // The first set of parameters are dynamic constants.
-            let mut first_param = true;
-            for idx in 0..self.function.num_dynamic_constants {
-                if first_param {
-                    first_param = false;
-                } else {
-                    write!(w, ", ")?;
-                    write!(pass_args, ", ")?;
-                }
-                write!(w, "unsigned long long dc_p{}", idx)?;
-                write!(pass_args, "dc_p{}", idx)?;
-            }
-            // The second set of parameters are normal arguments.
-            for (idx, ty) in self.function.param_types.iter().enumerate() {
-                if first_param {
-                    first_param = false;
-                } else {
-                    write!(w, ", ")?;
-                    write!(pass_args, ", ")?;
-                }
-                let param_type = self.get_type(*ty, false);
-                write!(w, "{} p{}", param_type, idx)?;
-                write!(pass_args, "p{}", idx)?;
-            }
-            write!(w, ") {{\n")?;
-            // Pull primitive return as pointer parameter for kernel
-            if ret_primitive {
-                let ret_type_pnt = self.get_type(*self.return_type_id, true);
-                write!(w, "\t{} ret;\n", ret_type_pnt)?;
-                write!(w, "\tcudaMalloc((void**)&ret, sizeof({}));\n", ret_type)?;
-		if !first_param {
-                    write!(pass_args, ", ")?;
-		}
-                write!(pass_args, "ret")?;
+        // The first set of parameters are dynamic constants.
+        let mut first_param = true;
+        for idx in 0..self.function.num_dynamic_constants {
+            if first_param {
+                first_param = false;
+            } else {
+                write!(w, ", ")?;
+                write!(pass_args, ", ")?;
             }
-            write!(w, "\t{}_gpu<<<{}, {}, {}>>>({});\n", self.function.name, num_blocks, num_threads, dynamic_shared_offset, pass_args)?;
-            write!(w, "\tcudaDeviceSynchronize();\n")?;
-            if ret_primitive {
-                write!(w, "\t{} host_ret;\n", ret_type)?;
-                write!(w, "\tcudaMemcpy(&host_ret, ret, sizeof({}), cudaMemcpyDeviceToHost);\n", ret_type)?;
-                write!(w, "\treturn host_ret;\n")?;
+            write!(w, "unsigned long long dc_p{}", idx)?;
+            write!(pass_args, "dc_p{}", idx)?;
+        }
+        // The second set of parameters are normal arguments.
+        for (idx, ty) in self.function.param_types.iter().enumerate() {
+            if first_param {
+                first_param = false;
             } else {
-                write!(w, "\treturn p{};\n", self.return_param_idx.unwrap())?;
+                write!(w, ", ")?;
+                write!(pass_args, ", ")?;
             }
+            let param_type = self.get_type(*ty, false);
+            write!(w, "{} p{}", param_type, idx)?;
+            write!(pass_args, "p{}", idx)?;
+        }
+        write!(w, ") {{\n")?;
+        // Pull primitive return as pointer parameter for kernel
+        if ret_primitive {
+            let ret_type_pnt = self.get_type(*self.return_type_id, true);
+            write!(w, "\t{} ret;\n", ret_type_pnt)?;
+            write!(w, "\tcudaMalloc((void**)&ret, sizeof({}));\n", ret_type)?;
+            if !first_param {
+                write!(pass_args, ", ")?;
+            }
+            write!(pass_args, "ret")?;
+        }
+        write!(w, "\t{}_gpu<<<{}, {}, {}>>>({});\n", self.function.name, num_blocks, num_threads, dynamic_shared_offset, pass_args)?;
+        write!(w, "\tcudaDeviceSynchronize();\n")?;
+        write!(w, "\tfflush(stdout);\n")?;
+        if ret_primitive {
+            write!(w, "\t{} host_ret;\n", ret_type)?;
+            write!(w, "\tcudaMemcpy(&host_ret, ret, sizeof({}), cudaMemcpyDeviceToHost);\n", ret_type)?;
+            write!(w, "\treturn host_ret;\n")?;
+        } else {
+            write!(w, "\treturn p{};\n", self.return_param_idx.unwrap())?;
         }
-
         write!(w, "}}\n")?;
         Ok(())
     }
@@ -903,7 +830,7 @@ extern \"C\" {} {}(", ret_type.clone(), self.function.name)?;
                 let term = &mut goto.term;
                 let mut tabs = self.codegen_control_node(control, None, None, None, init, post_init, term)?;
                 for data in self.bbs.1[control.idx()].iter() {
-                    self.codegen_data_node(*data, KernelState::OutBlock, None, None, None, false, extra_dim_collects, dynamic_shared_offset, body, &mut tabs)?;
+                    self.codegen_data_node(*data, KernelState::OutBlock, Some(1), None, None, None, false, extra_dim_collects, dynamic_shared_offset, body, &mut tabs)?;
                 }
                 Ok(())
             })
@@ -921,6 +848,7 @@ extern \"C\" {} {}(", ret_type.clone(), self.function.name)?;
         fork_thread_quota_map: &HashMap<NodeID, (usize, usize, usize)>,
         extra_dim_collects: &HashSet<TypeID>,
         dynamic_shared_offset: &mut String,
+        num_blocks: usize,
         num_threads: usize,
         gotos: &mut BTreeMap<NodeID, CudaGoto>,
     ) -> Result<(), Error> {
@@ -935,7 +863,7 @@ extern \"C\" {} {}(", ret_type.clone(), self.function.name)?;
             let term = &mut goto.term;
             let mut tabs = self.codegen_control_node(*control, None, None, None, init, post_init, term)?;
             for data in self.bbs.1[control.idx()].iter() {
-                self.codegen_data_node(*data, state, None, None, None, false, extra_dim_collects, dynamic_shared_offset, body, &mut tabs)?;
+                self.codegen_data_node(*data, state, Some(num_blocks), None, None, None, false, extra_dim_collects, dynamic_shared_offset, body, &mut tabs)?;
             }
         }
         // Then generate data and control for the single block fork if it exists
@@ -949,7 +877,7 @@ extern \"C\" {} {}(", ret_type.clone(), self.function.name)?;
                 let term = &mut goto.term;
                 let mut tabs = self.codegen_control_node(*control, Some(num_threads), Some(num_threads), Some(1), init, post_init, term)?;
                 for data in self.bbs.1[control.idx()].iter() {
-                    self.codegen_data_node(*data, state, Some(num_threads), None, Some(block_fork.unwrap()), false, extra_dim_collects, dynamic_shared_offset, body, &mut tabs)?;
+                    self.codegen_data_node(*data, state, None, Some(num_threads), None, Some(block_fork.unwrap()), false, extra_dim_collects, dynamic_shared_offset, body, &mut tabs)?;
                 }
             }
         }
@@ -1020,6 +948,7 @@ extern \"C\" {} {}(", ret_type.clone(), self.function.name)?;
                 self.codegen_data_node(
                     *data,
                     state,
+                    None,
                     Some(use_thread_quota),
                     parallel_factor,
                     Some(curr_fork),
@@ -1052,6 +981,7 @@ extern \"C\" {} {}(", ret_type.clone(), self.function.name)?;
         &self,
         id: NodeID,
         state: KernelState,
+        num_blocks: Option<usize>,
         use_thread_quota: Option<usize>,
         parallel_factor: Option<usize>,
         nesting_fork: Option<NodeID>,
@@ -1348,17 +1278,18 @@ extern \"C\" {} {}(", ret_type.clone(), self.function.name)?;
                         write!(w, "{}{} = *({});\n", tabs, define_variable, collect_with_indices)?;
                     }
                 } else {
-                    // Divide up "elements", which are collection size divided
-                    // by element size, among threads.
+                    if KernelState::OutBlock == state && num_blocks.unwrap() > 1 {
+                        panic!("GPU can't guarantee correctness for multi-block collection reads");
+                    }
                     let cg_tile = match state {
-                        KernelState::OutBlock => "grid".to_string(),
-                        KernelState::InBlock => "block".to_string(),
+                        KernelState::OutBlock | KernelState::InBlock => "block".to_string(),
                         KernelState::InThread => self.get_cg_tile(nesting_fork.unwrap(), CGType::UsePerId),
                     };
-                    let data_size = self.get_size(data_type_id, None, Some(extra_dim_collects));
-                    let data_type = self.get_type(data_type_id, false);
-                    let num_elements = format!("(({}) / sizeof({}))", data_size, data_type.strip_suffix('*').unwrap());
-                    write!(w, "{}for (int i = {}.thread_rank(); i < {}; i += {} / {}.size()) {{\n", tabs, cg_tile, num_elements, num_elements, cg_tile)?;
+                    // Divide up "elements", which are collection size divided
+                    // by element size, among threads.
+                    let data_size = self.get_size(data_type_id, None, Some(extra_dim_collects), Some(true));
+                    let num_elements = format!("({})", data_size);
+                    write!(w, "{}for (int i = {}.thread_rank(); i < {}; i += {}.size()) {{\n", tabs, cg_tile, num_elements, cg_tile)?;
                     write!(w, "{}\t*({} + i) = *({} + i);\n", tabs, define_variable, collect_with_indices)?;
                     write!(w, "{}}}\n", tabs)?;
                     write!(w, "{}if ({}.thread_rank() < {} % {}.size()) {{\n", tabs, cg_tile, num_elements, cg_tile)?;
@@ -1378,9 +1309,11 @@ extern \"C\" {} {}(", ret_type.clone(), self.function.name)?;
                 let collect_with_indices = self.codegen_collect(*collect, indices, is_char, extra_dim_collects.contains(&self.typing[collect.idx()]));
                 let data_variable = self.get_value(*data, false, false);
                 let data_type_id = self.typing[data.idx()];
+                if KernelState::OutBlock == state && num_blocks.unwrap() > 1 {
+                    panic!("GPU can't guarantee correctness for multi-block collection writes");
+                }
                 let cg_tile = match state {
-                    KernelState::OutBlock => "grid".to_string(),
-                    KernelState::InBlock => "block".to_string(),
+                    KernelState::OutBlock | KernelState::InBlock => "block".to_string(),
                     KernelState::InThread => self.get_cg_tile(nesting_fork.unwrap(), CGType::UsePerId),
                 };
                 if self.types[data_type_id.idx()].is_primitive() {
@@ -1393,17 +1326,16 @@ extern \"C\" {} {}(", ret_type.clone(), self.function.name)?;
                     }
                     write!(w, "{}}}\n", tabs)?;
                 } else {
-                    let data_size = self.get_size(data_type_id, None, Some(extra_dim_collects));
-                    let data_type = self.get_type(data_type_id, false);
-                    let num_elements = format!("(({}) / sizeof({}))", data_size, data_type.strip_suffix('*').unwrap());
-                    write!(w, "{}for (int i = {}.thread_rank(); i < {}; i += {} / {}.size()) {{\n", tabs, cg_tile, num_elements, num_elements, cg_tile)?;
+                    let data_size = self.get_size(data_type_id, None, Some(extra_dim_collects), Some(true));
+                    let num_elements = format!("({})", data_size);
+                    write!(w, "{}for (int i = {}.thread_rank(); i < {}; i += {}.size()) {{\n", tabs, cg_tile, num_elements, cg_tile)?;
                     write!(w, "{}\t*({} + i) = *({} + i);\n", tabs, collect_with_indices, data_variable)?;
                     write!(w, "{}}}\n", tabs)?;
                     write!(w, "{}if ({}.thread_rank() < {} % {}.size()) {{\n", tabs, cg_tile, num_elements, cg_tile)?;
                     write!(w, "{}\t*({} + {}.size() * ({} / {}.size()) + {}.thread_rank()) = *({} + {}.size() * ({} / {}.size()) + {}.thread_rank());\n", tabs, collect_with_indices, cg_tile, num_elements, cg_tile, cg_tile, data_variable, cg_tile, num_elements, cg_tile, cg_tile)?;
                     write!(w, "{}}}\n", tabs)?;
-                    write!(w, "{}{}.sync();\n", tabs, cg_tile)?;
                 }
+                write!(w, "{}{}.sync();\n", tabs, cg_tile)?;
                 let collect_variable = self.get_value(*collect, false, false);
                 write!(w, "{}{} = {};\n", tabs, define_variable, collect_variable)?;
             }
@@ -1587,7 +1519,7 @@ extern \"C\" {} {}(", ret_type.clone(), self.function.name)?;
         for index in indices {
             match index {
                 Index::Field(field) => {
-                    self.get_size(type_id, Some(*field), None);
+                    self.get_size(type_id, Some(*field), None, None);
                 }
                 // Variants of summations have zero offset
                 Index::Variant(_) => {}
@@ -1619,7 +1551,7 @@ extern \"C\" {} {}(", ret_type.clone(), self.function.name)?;
                         ")".repeat(array_indices.len() - if has_extra_dim { 1 } else { 0 })
                     ));
                     if is_char {
-                        let element_size = self.get_size(*element_type, None, None);
+                        let element_size = self.get_size(*element_type, None, None, None);
                         index_ptr.push_str(&format!(" * {}", element_size));
                     }
                 }
@@ -1668,7 +1600,7 @@ extern \"C\" {} {}(", ret_type.clone(), self.function.name)?;
             Constant::Product(type_id, constant_fields) => {
                 if allow_allocate {
                     let alignment = self.get_alignment(*type_id);
-                    let size = self.get_size(*type_id, None, extra_dim_collects);
+                    let size = self.get_size(*type_id, None, extra_dim_collects, None);
                     *dynamic_shared_offset = format!("(({} + {} - 1) / {}) * {}", dynamic_shared_offset, alignment, alignment, alignment);
                     write!(w, "{}dynamic_shared_offset = {};\n", tabs, dynamic_shared_offset)?;
                     write!(w, "{}{} = dynamic_shared + dynamic_shared_offset;\n", tabs, name)?;
@@ -1680,7 +1612,7 @@ extern \"C\" {} {}(", ret_type.clone(), self.function.name)?;
                 for i in 0..constant_fields.len() {
                     // For each field update offset and issue recursive call
                     let field_type = self.get_type(type_fields[i], true);
-                    let offset = self.get_size(type_fields[i], Some(i), extra_dim_collects);
+                    let offset = self.get_size(type_fields[i], Some(i), extra_dim_collects, None);
                     let field_constant = &self.constants[constant_fields[i].idx()];
                     if field_constant.is_scalar() {
                         self.codegen_constant(
@@ -1700,7 +1632,7 @@ extern \"C\" {} {}(", ret_type.clone(), self.function.name)?;
             Constant::Summation(type_id, variant, field) => {
                 if allow_allocate {
                     let alignment = self.get_alignment(*type_id);
-                    let size = self.get_size(*type_id, None, extra_dim_collects);
+                    let size = self.get_size(*type_id, None, extra_dim_collects, None);
                     *dynamic_shared_offset = format!("(({} + {} - 1) / {}) * {}", dynamic_shared_offset, alignment, alignment, alignment);
                     write!(w, "{}dynamic_shared_offset = {};\n", tabs, dynamic_shared_offset)?;
                     write!(w, "{}{} = dynamic_shared + dynamic_shared_offset;\n", tabs, name)?;
@@ -1735,7 +1667,7 @@ extern \"C\" {} {}(", ret_type.clone(), self.function.name)?;
                     panic!("Nested array constant should not be re-allocated");
                 }
                 let alignment = self.get_alignment(*type_id);
-                let size = self.get_size(*type_id, None, extra_dim_collects);
+                let size = self.get_size(*type_id, None, extra_dim_collects, None);
                 let element_type = self.get_type(*element_type, true);
                 *dynamic_shared_offset = format!("(({} + {} - 1) / {}) * {}", dynamic_shared_offset, alignment, alignment, alignment);
                 write!(w, "{}dynamic_shared_offset = {};\n", tabs, dynamic_shared_offset)?;
@@ -1752,11 +1684,15 @@ extern \"C\" {} {}(", ret_type.clone(), self.function.name)?;
      * and offset to 2nd field. This is useful for constant initialization and read/write
      * index math.
      */
-    fn get_size(&self, type_id: TypeID, num_fields: Option<usize>, extra_dim_collects: Option<&HashSet<TypeID>>) -> String {
+    fn get_size(&self, type_id: TypeID, num_fields: Option<usize>, extra_dim_collects: Option<&HashSet<TypeID>>, exclude_element_size: Option<bool>) -> String {
         match &self.types[type_id.idx()] {
             Type::Array(element_type, extents) => {
                 let array_size = multiply_dcs(if extra_dim_collects.is_some() && extra_dim_collects.unwrap().contains(&type_id) { &extents[1..] } else { extents });
-                format!("{} * {}", self.get_alignment(*element_type), array_size)
+                if exclude_element_size.unwrap_or(false) {
+                    array_size
+                } else {
+                    format!("{} * {}", self.get_alignment(*element_type), array_size)
+                }
             }
             Type::Product(fields) => {
                 let num_fields = &num_fields.unwrap_or(fields.len());
@@ -1764,7 +1700,7 @@ extern \"C\" {} {}(", ret_type.clone(), self.function.name)?;
                     .iter()
                     .enumerate()
                     .filter(|(i, _)| i < num_fields)
-                    .map(|(_, id)| (self.get_size(*id, None, extra_dim_collects), self.get_alignment(*id)))
+                    .map(|(_, id)| (self.get_size(*id, None, extra_dim_collects, None), self.get_alignment(*id)))
                     .fold(String::from("0"), |acc, (size, align)| {
                         if acc == "0" {
                             size
@@ -1779,7 +1715,7 @@ extern \"C\" {} {}(", ret_type.clone(), self.function.name)?;
                     format!(
                         "{} - {}",
                         with_field,
-                        self.get_size(fields[*num_fields], None, extra_dim_collects)
+                        self.get_size(fields[*num_fields], None, extra_dim_collects, None)
                     )
                 } else {
                     with_field
@@ -1789,7 +1725,7 @@ extern \"C\" {} {}(", ret_type.clone(), self.function.name)?;
                 // The argmax variant by size is not guaranteed to be same as
                 // argmax variant by alignment, eg product of 3 4-byte primitives
                 // vs 1 8-byte primitive, so we need to calculate both.
-                let max_size = variants.iter().map(|id| self.get_size(*id, None, extra_dim_collects)).fold(
+                let max_size = variants.iter().map(|id| self.get_size(*id, None, extra_dim_collects, None)).fold(
                     String::from("0"),
                     |acc, x| {
                         if acc == "0" {
diff --git a/hercules_rt/src/rtdefs.cu b/hercules_rt/src/rtdefs.cu
index b7378d81..6c59abe2 100644
--- a/hercules_rt/src/rtdefs.cu
+++ b/hercules_rt/src/rtdefs.cu
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ extern "C" {
 		}
 		return ptr;
 	}
-	
+
 	void *cuda_alloc_zeroed(size_t size) {
 		void *ptr = cuda_alloc(size);
 		if (!ptr) {
@@ -15,23 +15,24 @@ extern "C" {
 		}
 		cudaError_t res = cudaMemset(ptr, 0, size);
 		if (res != cudaSuccess) {
+            cuda_dealloc(ptr);
 			return NULL;
 		}
 		return ptr;
 	}
-	
+
 	void cuda_dealloc(void *ptr) {
 		cudaFree(ptr);
 	}
-	
+
 	void copy_cpu_to_cuda(void *dst, void *src, size_t size) {
 		cudaMemcpy(dst, src, size, cudaMemcpyHostToDevice);
 	}
-	
+
 	void copy_cuda_to_cpu(void *dst, void *src, size_t size) {
 		cudaMemcpy(dst, src, size, cudaMemcpyDeviceToHost);
 	}
-	
+
 	void copy_cuda_to_cuda(void *dst, void *src, size_t size) {
 		cudaMemcpy(dst, src, size, cudaMemcpyDeviceToDevice);
 	}
diff --git a/juno_samples/cava/src/main.rs b/juno_samples/cava/src/main.rs
index 9c2f99a8..a36d8826 100644
--- a/juno_samples/cava/src/main.rs
+++ b/juno_samples/cava/src/main.rs
@@ -171,7 +171,17 @@ fn cava_harness(args: CavaInputs) {
                 .expect("Error saving verification image");
         }
 
-        assert_eq!(result, cpu_result.into(), "Verification failed, mismatch");
+        let max_diff = result.iter()
+            .zip(cpu_result.iter())
+            .map(|(a, b)| (*a as i16 - *b as i16).abs())
+            .max()
+            .unwrap_or(0);
+
+        assert!(
+            max_diff <= 3,
+            "Verification failed: maximum pixel difference of {} exceeds threshold of 3",
+            max_diff
+        );
     }
 }
 
-- 
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